How Conservative Icon to Protest Emblem: The Surprising Evolution of the Frog
The revolution won't be broadcast, yet it might possess webbed feet and bulging eyes.
It also might feature a unicorn's horn or the plumage of a chicken.
While protests opposing the government persist in American cities, demonstrators are utilizing the spirit of a community costume parade. They've offered salsa lessons, distributed snacks, and ridden unicycles, as armed law enforcement observe.
Mixing humour and political action – a strategy researchers refer to as "tactical frivolity" – has historical precedent. However, it has emerged as a hallmark of protests in the United States in the current era, used by all sides of the political spectrum.
One particular emblem has proven to be particularly salient – the frog. It started when a video of an encounter between a protester in an inflatable frog and immigration enforcement agents in Portland, Oregon, became an internet sensation. From there, it proliferated to rallies throughout the United States.
"There's a lot at play with that small blow-up amphibian," says a professor, a professor at UC Davis and a Guggenheim Fellow who focuses on political performance.
From the Pepe Meme to Portland
It's hard to examine protests and frogs without mentioning Pepe, a web comic frog adopted by far-right groups during a previous presidential campaign.
As the meme initially spread online, people used it to signal certain emotions. Later, its use evolved to express backing for a candidate, including one notable meme retweeted by the candidate personally, showing Pepe with recognizable attire and hairstyle.
The frog was also portrayed in certain internet forums in more extreme scenarios, as a historical dictator. Users traded "unique frog images" and established digital currency in his name. Its famous line, "that feels good", was deployed a shared phrase.
However Pepe didn't start out as a political symbol.
The artist behind it, artist Matt Furie, has expressed about his distaste for how the image has been used. The character was intended as simply an apolitical figure in his series.
The frog debuted in a series of comics in 2005 – apolitical and notable for a particular bathroom habit. A film, which chronicles Mr Furie's efforts to take back of his work, he explained the character was inspired by his time with friends and roommates.
As he started out, the artist tried sharing his art to the nascent social web, where the community began to borrow, remix and reinvent the frog. As its popularity grew into the more extreme corners of online spaces, the creator sought to reject the frog, even killing him off in a comic strip.
However, its legacy continued.
"It shows that we don't control imagery," says the professor. "They can change and shift and be reworked."
Previously, the association of Pepe meant that frogs were largely associated with the right. This shifted in early October, when an incident between an activist dressed in an inflatable frog costume and an immigration officer in Portland captured global attention.
The event came just days after an order to deploy the National Guard to the city, which was described as "war-ravaged". Protesters began to assemble in large numbers at a specific location, just outside of a federal building.
Emotions ran high and a officer deployed pepper spray at the individual, aiming directly into the ventilation of the costume.
Seth Todd, Seth Todd, responded with a joke, saying he had tasted "something milder". However, the video went viral.
The frog suit fit right in for Portland, known for its unconventional spirit and left-wing protests that delight in the unusual – public yoga, retro fitness classes, and nude cycling groups. Its creed is "Keep Portland Weird."
The costume was also referenced in a lawsuit between the federal government and the city, which contended the use of troops was unlawful.
Although the court ruled in October that the president was within its rights to deploy troops, a minority opinion disagreed, referencing in her ruling demonstrators' "well-known penchant for donning inflatable costumes while voicing dissent."
"Some might view the court's opinion, which accepts the description of Portland as a battlefield, as merely absurd," the dissenting judge opined. "However, this ruling is not merely absurd."
The order was "permanently" blocked just a month later, and personnel are said to have left the city.
But by then, the frog had transformed into a powerful symbol of resistance for progressive movements.
The costume was seen in many cities at anti-authoritarian protests last autumn. Frogs appeared – and unicorns and axolotls and dinosaurs – in San Diego and Atlanta and Boston. They appeared in rural communities and global metropolises abroad.
The frog costume was sold out on major websites, and saw its cost increase.
Shaping the Visual Story
What connects the two amphibian symbols – lies in the relationship between the humorous, benign cartoon and serious intent. Experts call this "tactical frivolity."
This approach relies on what the professor calls the "irresistible image" – often silly, it acts as a "disarming and charming" display that calls attention to your ideas without needing obviously explaining them. It's the silly outfit you wear, or the symbol you share.
Mr Bogad is both an expert in the subject and an experienced participant. He authored a book called 'Tactical Performance', and led seminars around the world.
"One can look back to the Middle Ages – when people are dominated, absurd humor is used to speak the truth indirectly and still have plausible deniability."
The purpose of such tactics is multi-faceted, Mr Bogad explains.
When activists confront a powerful opposition, humorous attire {takes control of|seizes|influences